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Ketorolac
Generic Name: Ketorolac
Brand Name:Toradol
Indications
Ketorolac is used for the short-term (5 days or less) to treat moderate to severe pain. Ketorolac is in a group of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Ketorolac works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body.
Dosage and Administration
Toradol is available as 10mg tablets.
Normal Dosage:
Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of Toradol and other treatment options before deciding to use Toradol. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals. In adults, the combined duration of use of IV or IM dosing of ketorolac tromethamine and Toradol is not to exceed 5 days. In adults, the use of TORADOL is only indicated as continuation therapy to IV or IM dosing of ketorolac tromethamine.
Transition from IV or IM dosing of ketorolac tromethamine (single- or multiple-dose) to multiple-dose Toradol:
Patients age 17 to 64: 20 mg PO once followed by 10 mg q4-6 hours prn not > 40 mg/day
Patients age ≥ 65, renally impaired, and/or weight < 50 kg (110 lbs): 10 mg PO once followed by 10 mg q4-6 hours prn not > 40 mg/day
Overdose: Symptoms of an overdose may include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, drowsiness, lethargy, increased blood pressure, kidney problems, and difficulty in breathing.
Drug Description
Toradol (ketorolac tromethamine) is a member of the pyrrolo-pyrrole group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The chemical name for ketorolac tromethamine is (±)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, compound with 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (1:1), and the chemical structure is:
Ketorolac tromethamine is a racemic mixture of [-]S and [+]R ketorolac tromethamine. Ketorolac tromethamine may exist in three crystal forms. All forms are equally soluble in water. Ketorolac tromethamine has a pKa of 3.5 and an n-octanol/water partition coefficient of 0.26. The molecular weight of ketorolac tromethamine is 376.41. Its molecular formula is C19H24N2O6.
Side Effects
The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Because a side effect is stated here, it does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
- Headache
- Difficulty in sleeping (insomnia)
- Depression
- Drowsiness
- Sweating
- Disturbances of the gut such as diarrhoea, constipation, nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain
- Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
- Indigestion (dyspepsia)
- Balance problems involving the inner ear (vertigo)
- Dizziness
- Excessive fluid retention in the body tissues, resulting in swelling (oedema)
- Difficulty in breathing (dyspnoea)
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Skin reactions such as rash and itch
- Anxiety
- Increased bleeding time
- Ulceration or bleeding of the stomach or intestines
- Kidney disorders
- Infertility in women
- Wound bleeding
Precautions
- Avoid drinking alcohol because it may reduce the effectiveness of this drug.
- Avoid taking medicines for other conditions such as cough, cold, allergy and medicines prescribed by other doctors.
- If you are over 65 years of age, you may be more likely to experience side effects. Your doctor may prescribe a lower dose of the medicine.
Drug Interactions
- Before taking this medication, talk to your doctor if you are taking any of the following drugs:
- a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, others), ketoprofen (Orudis, Orudis KT, Oruvail), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve, Anaprox); diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam), etodolac (Lodine), fenoprofen (Nalfon), flurbiprofen (Ansaid), indomethacin (Indocin), nabumetone (Relafen), oxaprozin (Daypro), piroxicam (Feldene), sulindac (Clinoril), or tolmetin (Tolectin)
- celecoxib (Celebrex), rofecoxib (Vioxx), or valdecoxib (Bextra)
- aspirin or another salicylate (form of aspirin) such as salsalate (Disalcid), choline salicylate, or magnesium salicylate
- a diuretic (water pill) such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, Hydrodiuril, others), chlorothiazide (Diuril, others), chlorthalidone (Thalitone, Hygroton), bumetanide (Bumex), ethacrynic acid (Edecrin), furosemide (Lasix), spironolactone (Aldactone), or amiloride (Midamor)
- You may require a special dosage or monitoring during treatment if you are taking any of the medicines listed above.
- Drugs other than those listed here may also interact. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines, including vitamins, minerals, and medicines prescribed by other doctors.
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